The ICU Syndrome: Fact or Fancy

Thirty-two patients admitted to a general medical intensive care unit were compared to twenty patients, matched for age, sex, type and severity of illness, treated in a conventional medical ward. No meaningful difference in incidence of delirium was noted. Neither sensory monotony nor sleep deprivation could be correlated with occurrence of delirium. An organic base was present in all four cases of delirium which occurred in the ICU. By use of a specially devised scale to measure levels of anxiety or depression in medically ill patients, no higher levels of anxiety or depression were found in ICU patients than in comparably ill patients treated in a ward. This comparative study fails to support the proposition that the intensive care unit environment per se causes psychological disturbance.