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Plasmodium vivax (P.vivax) endemicity covers large and diverse geographical regions. Transmission is lower than Plasmodium falciparum, however, relapses caused by hypnozoite forms increase the number of infections and sustain transmission. Resistance against chloroquine is increasing and assessment of efficacy is confounded because recrudescence, relapse and reinfection cannot be distinguished reliably. Background incidence of new P.vivax infections are needed for comparing efficacy of treatment regimens.
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Cindy S. Chu (2016) studied this question.
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