Effects of Boswellia serrata on cell viability, scratch wound closure, and gene expression in human gingival fibroblasts

Objectives: extract on human gingival fibroblast cell viability and scratch wound closure and to analyze the expression of key wound healing-related genes. Materials and methods: extract. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay, while in vitro scratch assay was used to evaluate wound closure. Additionally, expression of COL1A1, fibronectin (FN1), TGF-β, and VEGF genes were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Concentrations up to 10 μg/mL maintained cell viability above 80% for 72 h. The scratch assay demonstrated significant enhancement of wound closure at 2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL compared to control (p = 0.012), with the highest numerical wound-closure value observed at 2.5 μg/mL (99.9%). qRT-PCR revealed significant upregulation of COL1A1 (2.68-fold), FN1 (2.12-fold), and VEGF (3.54-fold) (P < 0.001), while the increase in TGF-β expression was non-significant (1.74-fold, P = 0.491). Conclusion: as a potential adjunctive agent for periodontal wound healing and regeneration.