Since the 1980s, superconducting traveling-wave parametric amplifiers (TWPA) have promised high gain, wide bandwidth, and low noise---the ideal for astronomical detectors, or qubit readers. Actual TWPAs, though, have been plagued by insufficient gain and excessive noise, largely due to poor phase matching. The authors propose to solve these problems with an amplifier made of a chain of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), the nonlinear behavior of which is tunable and thus allows phase matching, for high-gain amplification over a wide bandwidth.
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