Pore-scale simulations of monodisperse sphere packing and fluid flow in cylinders have reproduced heterogeneities in packing density and velocity previously observed in experiment. Simulations of tracer dispersion demonstrate that these heterogeneities enhance hydrodynamic dispersion, and that the degree of enhancement is related to the cylinder radius, R. The time scale for asymptotic dispersion in a packed cylinder is proportional to R2/D̂T, where D̂T represents an average rate of spreading transverse to the direction of flow. A generalization of the Taylor–Aris model of dispersion in a tube provides qualitative predictions of the long-time dispersion behavior in packed cylinders.
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Maier et al. (2003) studied this question.
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