Technology for Assembling, Welding and Machining Dissimilar-Steel Welded Components: From Selecting the Welding Process to Assigning Cutting Conditions by Zone

This paper presents a systematic account of the manufacturing process for a precision component made from dissimilar steels 45 and 12Kh18N10T, from selecting the welding process and preparing the blanks to assigning zone-specific cutting conditions for subsequent machining. It classifies welding methods for dissimilar metals and justifies the selection of gas tungsten arc welding (TIG). The assembly and fixturing procedure is described, including a controlled process gap and a defined tack-welding sequence. The structure of the multipass weld and the procedure for depositing its layers are considered. In view of the differences in the mechanical properties of the materials, a differentiated finishing regime is justified for the component’s internal surface across three zones: steel 45, the weld transition zone and steel 12Kh18N10T.