Key result
Atorvastatin modifies expression of ~86 monocyte genes in familial combined hyperlipidemia.
Why the study?
The genetic origin of familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is not well understood, motivating investigation of gene expression in monocytes and effects of atorvastatin.
Case-Control
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Monocyte profiling in FCH should not alter practice; leaves open whether identified pathways guide therapy or require prospective validation.
AIM: The genetic origin of familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is not well understood. We used microarray profiling of peripheral blood monocytes to search novel genes and pathways involved in FCH. METHODS: Fasting plasma for determination of lipid profiles, inflammatory molecules and adipokines was obtained and peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from male FCH patients basally and after 4 weeks of atorvastatin treatment. Sex-, age- and adiposity-matched controls were also studied. Gene-expression profiles were analyzed using Affymetrix Human Genome U133A 2.0 GeneChip arrays. RESULTS: Analysis of gene expression by cDNA microarrays showed that 82 genes were differentially expressed in FCH monocytes compared with controls. Atorvastatin treatment modified the expression of 86 genes. Pathway analysis revealed the over-representation of the complement and coagulation cascades, the hematopoietic cell lineage and the arachidonic acid metabolism pathways. Changes in the expression of some genes, confirmed by real-time RT-PCR, (CD36, leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains-1, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25, CD96 and lipoprotein lipase), may be related to a proinflammatory environment in FCH monocytes, which is partially reversed by atorvastatin. Higher plasma levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids and lower levels of adiponectin in FCH patients could also trigger changes in gene expression that atorvastatin cannot modify. CONCLUSION: Our results show clear differences in gene expression in FCH monocytes compared with those of matched healthy controls, some of which are influenced by atorvastatin treatment.
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Llaverı́as et al. (2008) conducted a case-control in Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia (FCH). Atorvastatin vs. Baseline (pre-treatment) and matched healthy controls was evaluated on Differential gene expression in peripheral blood monocytes. In men with familial combined hyperlipidemia, 82 genes were differentially expressed in monocytes compared to healthy controls, and 4 weeks of atorvastatin treatment modified the expression of 86 genes.
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