Korelasi Komponen Health Belief Model dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Regimen Farmakoterapi Hipertensi Melalui MARS: The Relationship between Health Belief Model Component and the Level of Adherence to Hypertension Pharmacotherapy Regimens Using MARS

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Hypertension (n=90). Intervention: Health Belief Model components (overall health beliefs). Primary outcome: Correlation between Health Belief Model components simultaneously and the level of adherence to pharmacotherapy regimen measured by MARS (r = 0.249, p=0.033).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Health Belief Model components collectively have a weak positive correlation with medication adherence in hypertensive patients, although individual components do not show statistically significant correlations. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Neni Probosiwi; Nur Fahma Laili; Lailatul Hidayah; Dian Indrayanti; Dian Nurmawati; Maringan Lambert

doi:10.30737/jafi.v7i2.7711

June 30, 2026Jurnal Inovasi Farmasi Indonesia (JAFI)Open Access

Korelasi Komponen Health Belief Model dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Regimen Farmakoterapi Hipertensi Melalui MARS: The Relationship between Health Belief Model Component and the Level of Adherence to Hypertension Pharmacotherapy Regimens Using MARS

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Key result

Health Belief Model components show a weak positive link with hypertension medication adherence.

r = 0.249
P=0.033
n=90

Why the study?

Adherence to hypertension pharmacotherapy regimens is crucial for blood pressure control and reducing cardiovascular mortality, influenced by patients' psychosocial beliefs measured by the Health Belief Model.

Key Points

To evaluate medication adherence profiles and determine the correlation between Health Belief Model dimensions and adherence to pharmacotherapy regimens among hypertensive outpatients.
Conducted a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study among 90 hypertensive outpatients at RS X Kota Kediri selected through purposive sampling.
Assessed health beliefs across six dimensions using a Health Belief Model questionnaire and measured medication adherence using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS).
Analyzed categorical-ordinal data using univariate frequency distributions and bivariate Spearman-rank correlation tests via SPSS.
MARS evaluation classified 55% of patients as adherent, 40% as moderately adherent, and 5% as non-adherent.
The Health Belief Model simultaneously exhibited a statistically significant weak positive correlation with medication adherence levels (r = 0.249, p = 0.033).
Partial testing of individual dimensions showed no statistically significant correlation: perceived susceptibility (p = 0.176), perceived severity (p = 0.815), perceived benefits (p = 0.169), perceived barriers (p = 0.066), cues to action (p = 0.473), and self-efficacy (p = 0.712).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=90)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

P

Population

90 hypertensive outpatients aged 18 years and older were evaluated at a single center in Indonesia to assess the relationship between health beliefs and medication adherence.

E

Exposure

Assessment of subjective health beliefs regarding the disease and its treatment using the Health Belief Model (HBM) questionnaire (evaluating perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy).

O

Outcome

Level of pharmacotherapy regimen adherence measured by the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) questionnairepatient reported

Main Result

Effect estimate: r = 0.249

p-value: p=0.033

Patients' health beliefs collectively contribute as an integrated whole to significantly, albeit weakly, influence medication adherence in hypertension.

Limitations

Small sample size of 90 patients from a single hospital limits broader generalizability
Cross-sectional design restricts the ability to establish a causal relationship between health beliefs and adherence
Use of non-probability purposive sampling method
Reliance on self-reported questionnaires (MARS) may introduce subjective reporting bias

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Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.

Implication

Does not support using Health Belief Model scores to guide adherence interventions; leaves open whether belief-targeted strategies improve outcomes in hypertension.

Abstract

Kepatuhan regimen farmakoterapi menjadi determinan krusial dalam mengendalikan tekanan darah dan menekan angka mortalitas akibat komplikasi kardiovaskular pada penderita hipertensi. Perilaku patuh tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh aspek psikososial, salah satunya adalah keyakinan subjektif pasien terhadap penyakit dan pengobatannya yang diidentifikasi melalui teori Health Belief Model (HBM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi profil kepatuhan minum obat serta menganalisis korelasi antara dimensi-dimensi Health Belief Model (persepsi kerentanan, keparahan, manfaat, hambatan, isyarat bertindak, dan efikasi diri) dengan tingkat kepatuhan regimen farmakoterapi pada pasien hipertensi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sebanyak 90 pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di RS X Kota Kediri dipilih sebagai sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) untuk mengukur tingkat kepatuhan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk melihat distribusi frekuensi karakteristik demografi dan variabel penelitian. Uji statistik bivariat yang diterapkan untuk menguji hipotesis hubungan antar variabel kategorikal-ordinal ini adalah uji korelasi Spearman-rank test melalui program SPSS. Hasil analisis data menggunakan kuesioner MARS didapatkan kepatuhan pasien sebanyak 55% patuh, 40% cukup patuh dan sebanyak 5% tidak patuh. Hasil uji korelasi bivariat menunjukkan bahwa Health Belief Model secara simultan memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan tingkat kepatuhan (p = 0,033) dengan koefisien korelasi positif yang lemah (r = 0,249). Tetapi pengujian parsial pada masing-masing komponen HBM : Persepsi kerentanan (p = 0,176), Persepsi Keparahan (p = 0,815), Persepsi manfaat (p = 0,169), Persepsi hambatan (p = 0,066), Isyarat untuk bertindak (p = 0,473), dan Kemampuan diri (p = 0,712) tidak menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan secara statistik.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Probosiwi et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=90). Health Belief Model components (overall health beliefs) was evaluated on Correlation between Health Belief Model components simultaneously and the level of adherence to pharmacotherapy regimen measured by MARS (r = 0.249, p=0.033). The Health Belief Model components simultaneously demonstrated a significant but weak positive correlation with pharmacotherapy adherence levels among hypertensive patients (r = 0.249, p = 0.033).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ace6de6b52af824ab02bbe1 https://doi.org/10.30737/jafi.v7i2.7711

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Korelasi Komponen Health Belief Model dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Regimen Farmakoterapi Hipertensi Melalui MARS: The Relationship between Health Belief Model Component and the Level of Adherence to Hypertension Pharmacotherapy Regimens Using MARS

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Korelasi Komponen Health Belief Model dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Regimen Farmakoterapi Hipertensi Melalui MARS: The Relationship between Health Belief Model Component and the Level of Adherence to Hypertension Pharmacotherapy Regimens Using MARS

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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