Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dan Persepsi Penyakit dengan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia Hipertensi di Puskesmas Madurejo

Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease and an important contributor to cardiovascular mortality worldwide, particularly among older adults. Social support and illness perception are psychosocial factors that may influence blood pressure control, but evidence examining their combined relationship remains limited in Indonesian primary health care settings. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social support, illness perception, and blood pressure among elderly patients with hypertension in the working area of Madurejo Primary Health Center, West Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used involving 72 elderly hypertensive respondents selected through purposive sampling using the Slovin formula. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), and direct blood pressure measurement with a digital sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that 61.1% of respondents had high social support, 51.4% had negative illness perception, and 59.7% had controlled blood pressure. Spearman analysis identified a significant negative relationship between social support and blood pressure (r = -0.304; p = 0.010) and a significant positive relationship between illness perception and blood pressure (r = 0.515; p < 0.001). These findings indicate that stronger social support and more positive illness perception are associated with better blood pressure control. Nurses and primary health care providers should strengthen family involvement and provide continuous health education to support comprehensive hypertension management among older adults. These interventions may improve adherence and long-term disease self-management.