The effectiveness of Kanggan granules in treating hand, foot and mouth disease in children: a meta-analysis

Figures

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  Figure 1. PRISMA flow diagram of the study selection process. This figure illustrates the process of literature identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and final inclusion of randomized controlled trials in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

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  Figure 2. Risk-of-bias assessment of included randomized controlled trials using the cochrane RoB 2 tool. (A) Risk-of-bias traffic light plot. (B) Summary plot by domain.

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  Figure 3. Forest plot of the effect of Kanggan granules on total effectiveness rate in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease. Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio for total effectiveness rate between Kanggan granules-based treatment and control groups. The pooled effect was calculated using a Mantel–Haenszel fixed-effects model. Squares represent individual study estimates, horizontal lines indicate 95% confidence intervals, and diamonds represent pooled estimates.

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  Figure 4. Forest plot of the effect of Kanggan granules on herpes regression time in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease. Forest plot showing the pooled mean difference in herpes regression time between Kanggan granules-based treatment and control groups. The analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Squares represent individual study estimates, horizontal lines indicate 95% confidence intervals, and the diamond represents the pooled effect estimate.

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  Figure 5. Forest plot of the effect of Kanggan granules on oral ulcer healing time in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease. Forest plot showing the pooled mean difference in oral ulcer healing time between Kanggan granules-based treatment and control groups. The pooled effect was calculated using a random-effects model. Squares represent individual study estimates, horizontal lines indicate 95% confidence intervals, and the diamond represents the overall pooled effect.

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  Figure 6. Forest plot of the effect of Kanggan granules on fever duration in children with hand, foot, and mouth disease. Forest plot showing the pooled mean difference in fever duration between Kanggan granules-based treatment and control groups. The pooled estimate was calculated using a random-effects model. Squares represent individual study effects, horizontal lines indicate 95% confidence intervals, and the diamond represents the overall pooled effect.