Key result
Review details electrophysiology lab fundamentals, covering electrogram interpretation, catheter placement, and interval measurements.
Why the study?
Understanding the basics of cardiac electrograms, catheter types, and intervals is essential for interpreting electrical activity and arrhythmias in the electrophysiology lab.
Provides an educational overview of basic electrogram interpretation, catheter types and placement, and basic interval measurements in the electrophysiology lab.
The term 'cardiac electrogram' (EGM) was initially used to describe the surface ECG, but now EGMs represent the electrical potential within the immediate vicinity of a catheter (including pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead) within the heart. These EGMs are generated from electrodes on catheters that are placed in different regions of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, in the coronary sinus, and near the His bundle. These EGMs, in conjunction with a surface ECG, can then be used to study the timing of electrical activity within the heart, as well as arrhythmias in the cardiac electrophysiology (EP) lab. The goals of this article are to give readers the basics of EGMs, the basics of cardiac EP catheters, and the placement of EP catheters in the heart, and to introduce readers to EGMs and intervals measured.
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Haloot et al. (2026) conducted a review in Cardiac arrhythmias. Cardiac electrograms and electrophysiology catheters was evaluated. This article serves as a survival guide for the electrophysiology laboratory, detailing the fundamentals of unipolar and bipolar cardiac electrograms, catheter placement, and basic interval measurements.
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