Association of Serum Asprosin With Blood Pressure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Community: A Cross-Sectional Study

OBJECTIVE To probe the serum asprosin levels in community-dwelling individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to verify their association with blood pressure. METHODS From November 2019 to July 2021, detailed information was systematically collected from 498 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a community health service station located in southeastern Shanxi Province. Blood pressure measurements taken on the same day, laboratory indices, and serum asprosin concentrations were recorded. The systematization of participants was based on their blood pressure measurements, categorized into two groups: normotensive and hypertensive. The variance in indices between these two sets was analyzed through the application of t-tests, χ2 tests, and non-parametric tests. The association between asprosin and elevated blood pressure was subsequently examined via logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The group with elevated blood pressure demonstrated significantly higher levels of asprosin in comparison to the normotensive group (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that, after tertile stratification and using the T1 group as the reference, the risk of hypertension was significantly increased in both the T2 and T3 groups in the unadjusted model (Model 1: P < 0.003). Following stepwise adjustment for age, gender, BMI, metabolic parameters, and the use of antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications, the associations persisted as statistically significant in Model 2 (P < 0.009) and Model 3(P < 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum asprosin levels are correlated with a heightened risk of hypertension among community-dwelling individuals with T2DM.