Taphonomic significance of the biomechanical fragmentation of live molluscan shell material by a bottom-feeding fish (Pogonias cromis) in Texas coastal bays

In Texas coastal bays and in many other low energy environments a high degree off shell,fragmentation (generally,from 75 to 95 weight percent) is characteristic of shell material in sediment samples. The feeding activity of predators such as the euryhaline sciaenid Pogonias cromis (Black drum), which is a common inhabitant off Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico shallow marine waters, is responsible ,for,fragmenting large quantities of live molluscan shell material in environments in which the natural energy gradient precludes extensive mechanical,fragmentation. P. cromis locates potential,food items with sensory barbels located on its lower jaw. Prey are ingested and crushed with pharyngeal teeth. Shell material may be rejected orally or may pass through the digestive system