Emerging Technologies In Military Training

The education of Portuguese lieutenants and captains remains overly transmissive and assessment-driven, with limited integration of emerging technologies such as AI, commercial drones and networked simulation, and insufficient emphasis on critical thinking, writing and lifelong learning. This study proposes a three-dimensional framework to realign officer education with this new reality: a tactical-operational dimension that translates lessons from Ukraine into competencies such as dispersed manoeuvre, human–machine teaming and multidomain C2; a pedagogical dimension that replaces lecture-centric models with scenario-based learning, red teaming, Tactical Decision Games, AI-enabled simulations and reflective after-action reviews; and an ethical-intellectual dimension that develops “wider officer competence” through structured professional reading, writing and discussion of moral and political dilemmas.