Associations among quality of life, depressive symptoms, body shape concerns, anthropometric characteristics, and diet quality in women with PMOS: a cross-sectional study

Background Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder associated with impaired quality of life, body image dissatisfaction, and psychological distress. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between quality of life, depression, body shape concern, and diet quality among women with PMOS. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and December 2022 at a training and research hospital in Ankara, Türkiye, and included 247 women aged 19–40 years diagnosed with PMOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (2003). Participants were assessed using anthropometric measurements, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Questionnaire (PCOSQ-50), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010), Carbohydrate Quality Index (CQI), and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). Group comparisons, correlation analyses, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine associations among the study variables. Results Participants with minimal depressive symptoms reported significantly higher quality of life scores compared to those with mild or moderate-to-severe depression ( p < 0.001). Higher BMI was associated with greater body shape concern ( p < 0.001), and greater body shape concern was associated with lower PCOSQ-50 scores ( p < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were observed between PCOSQ-50 scores and BSQ-34, BDI, and BMI ( p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings demonstrate significant associations among quality of life, depressive symptoms, body shape concerns, and BMI in women with PMOS and underscore the importance of considering psychosocial and anthropometric factors alongside dietary characteristics in the comprehensive assessment of women with PMOS.