From Technological Innovation to Socio-Spatial Justice: A State-of-the-Art Review of the Role of Digitalization in Urban Transport and Mobility Transitions

Urban transport is increasingly shifting from an efficiency-oriented approach toward accessibility-based and socio-spatial justice paradigms. This paper aims to synthesize current trends and emerging directions in transport and mobility, with a particular emphasis on sustainability and equity. While existing state-of-the-art reviews have extensively documented the technical evolution of smart mobility systems and decarbonization in transport infrastructures, this study introduces an integrated perspective that connects transport and mobility transitions with the concept of socio-spatial justice. The study employs a systematic literature review grounded in the Knowledge Development Process–Constructivist (ProKnow-C) model, and structured through thematic analysis around three axes: digitalization; integrated mobility platforms; and socio-spatial justice. The bibliographic database for this analysis is composed of 88 publications. The research suggests that the field is undergoing a gradual shift from a predominantly technical transport and mobility engineering toward a socio-technical approach increasingly shaped by sustainability and social equity. The transition toward low-carbon infrastructures and accessibility-driven mobility models, supported by digital technologies and Mobility-as-a-Service platforms, presents significant opportunities to fulfill global climate objectives (SDG 13), promote sustainable urban development (SDG 11) and strengthen socio-spatial justice (SDGs 10, 11). However, evidence also indicates that technological innovation alone cannot guarantee equitable opportunities in urban transport transitions. In this context, public participation becomes essential to prevent greenwashing and the so-called “transport mirage,” while ensuring that equity and justice are embedded in transport and mobility planning.