Interfacial engineering of rice straw/sodium lignosulfonate-based lamellar carbon materials for high-performance supercapacitors

The development of electrode materials with superior electrochemical properties for efficient electron/ion transport using environmentally friendly and sustainable raw materials is of great importance, but suitable and innovative electrode structures for supercapacitors applications are still challenging. In this paper, rice straw/sodium lignosulfonate-derived N/S co-doped lamellar carbon was generated in situ on the surface of rice straw-based carbon via a g-C 3 N 4 sacrificial template. Both experiments, Multiple Physical Fields and DFT theoretical calculations showed that the prepared carbon composites had excellent porous structures and fast ion-electron transport channel, which provide sufficient channels for ion and electron fast transport in the electrode structure. Based on the structural advantages, the prepared electrode material displayed a high specific capacitance and good high- rate performance. The symmetric supercapacitor device assembled based on the composite carbon material achieves a high energy density of 14.4 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 1.1 kW kg −1 and exhibits cycling stability over 100,000 cycles at 10 A g −1 . This synthetic preparation and structural strategy can provide novel material design concepts for supercapacitors application in energy storage.