Autologous Peroneal Artery Interposition Graft for Traumatic Reconstruction of the Anterior Tibial Artery: A Case Report

Autologous vein is the preferred conduit for many peripheral arterial reconstructions, but an inadequate caliber may limit its use.A 27-year-old man presented after a road traffic accident with an anterior tibial artery injury and associated muscular and nerve injuries.The ipsilateral great saphenous vein measured approximately 1.4 mm and was considered unsuitable.A healthy 5-cm segment of the middle peroneal artery was used as an interposition autograft.Distal perfusion improved immediately, with palpable dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses.At three months, clinical perfusion remained satisfactory, neurological function had improved, and wound healing was progressing.Duplex ultrasonography demonstrated flow in the examined graft segment, although comprehensive hemodynamic data were unavailable.This case illustrates a selected application of arterial autografting when the available venous conduit is unsuitable.Longer follow-up is needed to assess durability.