Perceived Subsidies, Tax Incentives, and Household Outcome: Survey Evidence from Uzbekistan

This study examines the association between perceived green fiscal incentives and Perceived Household Outcome in Uzbekistan, focusing on households’ perceptions of production-based subsidies and tax incentives under the “Solar Home” (Quyoshli xonadon) program. The study adopts a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design based on data collected from 183 respondents through non-probability convenience sampling. Regression with HC3 robust standard errors, group comparisons, and mediation analysis were used to examine the relationships between variables. The findings indicate that Perceived Subsidy is positively and significantly associated with Perceived Household Outcome, whereas Perceived Tax Incentive shows a smaller positive association that is statistically significant only at the 10% level. Mediation analysis indicates that solar panel ownership does not mediate the associations of Perceived Subsidy or Perceived Tax Incentive with Perceived Household Outcome. Group comparisons reveal some isolated differences but no consistent pattern across demographic and awareness characteristics. Overall, in this sample, Perceived Subsidy shows a larger and more statistically robust association with Perceived Household Outcome than Perceived Tax Incentive. These findings highlight the relevance of how households perceive different fiscal support instruments when designing household-level renewable energy policies.