Resilience in global digital goods trade networks: A dual-capacity approach based on resistance and recovery

This study examines the resilience of global digital goods trade networks from 2007 to 2023 using a multilayer network model grounded in complex network theory. We assess resilience through resistance and recovery capacities across six product categories. Results show that digital trade networks follow a polycentric trajectory, with China and Singapore emerging as key hubs alongside the United States and Europe. Electronic components and equipment exhibit strong dual resilience, while final products such as computer manufacturing remain more vulnerable but recover more flexibly. Structural breakpoints in 2011, 2016, and 2021 correspond to major events including trade rule changes, geopolitical conflicts, and the COVID-19 pandemic. China’s networks demonstrate above-average resilience, particularly in high-tech sectors. Despite limitations in data coverage and static assumptions, the study provides new evidence on structural vulnerabilities and adaptive capacities of digital trade, offering foundations for enhancing global digital trade governance.