The Pronoun of Unity Abstract This paper proposes a four-position model of pronominal reference organized around two fundamental relational coordinates: the speaker and the addressee. It identifies a distinction that conventional grammatical classifications do not ordinarily present as an independent pronominal category: the domain of reference obtained by excluding a designated addressee while retaining the speaker within the referenced field. Let (U) denote a domain of discourse, (s∈ U) the speaker, and (t∈ U) a distinct addressee. Define the speaker-relative complement as (U{s}) and the addressee-relative complement as (U{t}). Under the condition (s≠ t), the latter necessarily contains the speaker. This yields a precise inclusion result: the speaker belongs to the domain of everything in (U) except the designated addressee. The paper interprets this result through the proposed semantic construct Q3: (not) You, named Mwè, or “I, the Cosmos.” Within this framework, Q3 represents a speaker-inclusive field of reference rather than a conventional first-, second-, or third-person pronoun. The formal argument establishes the set-theoretic inclusion result, distinguishes it from the pragmatic interpretation of natural-language utterances, and identifies the additional semantic postulate required to interpret speaker-inclusive reference as a cosmic extension of the first person. The resulting model offers a formal vocabulary for investigating how language can represent both distinction and inclusion without requiring the speaker to disappear from the field of reference.
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Casey Riley (2026) studied this question.
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