Perioperative Blood Management Strategies in Anemic Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Narrative Review

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Perioperative anemia is a common occurrence in patients undergoing surgery.The severity and cause of anemia can vary in different clinical settings.Anemia can complicate surgical patients and adversely affect the recovery of these individuals after surgery.Some of the causes of perioperative anemia include microcytic anemia and acute blood loss due to gastrointestinal bleeding or trauma.Other causes include hemodilution after fluid resuscitation and physiological changes in pregnancy.Managing anemia in surgical patients is an important aspect of perioperative care.In this narrative review, the causes of perioperative anemia, its consequences, and the effects of anemia on postoperative care were examined.Two independent reviewers conducted a literature search for studies related to perioperative anemia.The studies reviewed were published between March 27th, 1997, and April 14th, 2026.The literature search included the terms "perioperative anemia," "preoperative anemia," "postoperative anemia causes," and "anemia in elective surgeries."Perioperative anemia is a problem in both elective and emergency surgeries.It may remain a problem for patients during the postoperative period.Identifying and correcting the causes of anemia before surgery is an important part of clinical practice.However, several confounding factors may influence the development and persistence of anemia in surgical patients.