Significance of thermal radiation on enhanced hyperthermia for breast cancer using GO/CoFe2O4 /Au nano ternary and hybrids: A comparative study

Hyperthermia is an optimistic additional way to treat Breast cancer. In this method the region, with the cancer is heated up. This heating helps make the treatment work better. At the time it tries to keep the healthy parts of the tissues from getting hurt. The objective of this work is to explore the behaviour of ternary and hybrid nanoparticles during hyperthermia treatment in breast cancer. Also, search for a superior hybrid nanoparticle for hyperthermia therapy. Hyperthermia therapy is an essential treatment for breast cancer because it achieves the maximum temperature to kill the malignant tissues. To investigate numerically, a multilayer fractional one-dimensional equation was considered and solved using the implicit type of Crank-Nicolson technique, which has second-order accuracy in both space and time. To increase the temperature during hyperthermia treatment, we explored ternary nanoparticles containing GO, CoFe 2 O 4 , and Gold (Au). To analyse the blood temperature locally in breast tissues, the Caputo time fractional derivative has been utilized. The computational approach and current results are validated by comparing them to the steady-state analytical solution, which yields good agreement with the computed numerical results and verifies the efficiency and accuracy of the present findings. The comparison of GO/CoFe₂O₄/Au nano-ternary and hybrid nanostructures for breast cancer hyperthermia applications, which offers a thorough evaluation of their thermal performance and heat-generation capacity under identical working conditions, is what makes this study novel. As the radiation parameter goes up from 1 to 7 the quantity we are looking at goes up by 7.44%. The improvement is 4.57%, 1.79% and then 0.94% for each next step, in the radiation parameter. This shows that the rate of increase gets smaller as the radiation parameter gets larger. Temperature increases locally for various fractional factors in both trihybrid and hybrid instances. Significantly, the nature of the thermal system is changing based on the critical metabolic heat source ( λ = 2.0 ) . It is also worth noting that the combination of graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles (GO + Gold) outperforms all other hybrid instances in terms of temperature enhancement during heat treatment. Based on the shape of nano nanoparticle spherical nanoparticle attains maximum temperature. In the findings and discussion section, the acquired results are described in depth using graphs.