Regional resilience of Ukrainian oblasts in the period of Russian invasion

In resilience theory, regions can be persistent to the crisis or adapt to a new situation and even change their dependence path. In that, the text author focuses on the regional resilience of Ukrainian oblasts. To measure the resilience of regions, a resilience index was created using the following indicators: 1) GDP per capita, 2) employment diversity, 3) employment rate, 4) number of SMEs per 10.000 people, 5) investment rate by GDP, 6) expenditures on R&D by GDP. That index was created for the years 2012-2021, and for the last year, a typology was created, which divided oblasts into four categories: very low, low, medium, and high. Only Kyiv was in the last type for the whole period. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, the Resilience index for 2021 was compared with the dynamics (2021=100%) of the following data: 1) number of active enterprises, 2) number of employed in business enterprises, 3) capital investments, 4) turnover of enterprises for 2022-2024. The result shows no correlation between the index and the data. There is a negative correlation between warfare damage and the data, but it was lower in 2024 than in previous years. Sources of regional resilience are eRobota, foreign aid, businesses' ability to adapt, and the relocation of enterprises, while obstacles include warfare, blackouts, and floods. The best situation was in the western regions of Ukraine: Lvivska, Zakarpatska, Volynska, Chernivetska, and Ternpoliska, which are adapting to new challenges and have a chance to change their dependence path in the future.