Key result
Longitudinal intraocular pressure increases track directly with rising blood pressure and BMI over 5 years.
Why the study?
The longitudinal association between changes in intraocular pressure, arterial blood pressure, and body mass index in a population-based setting was not well established.
Cohort (n=2,257)
IOP changes track with MAP and BMI; leaves open causal effects on ocular outcomes and need for interventional trials.
PURPOSE: To examine a potential association between longitudinal changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), arterial blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in a population-based setting. METHODS: The longitudinal population-based Beijing Eye Study included 2355 subjects with an age of 45+ years who were examined in 2006 and in 2011. The participants underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination including tonometry and measurement of arterial blood pressure and BMI. RESULTS: Data on IOP, arterial blood pressure and BMI measured in 2006 and in 2011 were available for 2257 (95.8%) subjects with a mean age of 59.5 ± 9.7 years. The mean change in IOP was -1.25 ± 2.26 mm Hg, mean change in mean blood pressure -7.4 ± 12.1 mmHg, and mean change in BMI was 0.01 ± 2.04 kg/m(2). In multivariate analysis, the 5-year change in IOP was significantly associated with a higher change in mean blood pressure (P<0.001; standardized regression coefficient Beta:0.11; regression coefficient B:0.02; 95% confidence interval (CI):0.01,0.03) after adjusting for younger age (P<0.001;Beta:-0.18;B:-0.04;95% CI:-0.05,-0.03), shorter body stature (P = 0.002;Beta:-0.06;B:-0.06;95% CI:-0.03,-0.01), thicker central corneal thickness (P<0.001;Beta:0.19;B:0.02;95% CI:0.01,0.02), deeper anterior chamber depth (P = 0.01;Beta:0.05;B:0.33;95% CI:0.07,0.60), and lower intraocular pressure at baseline (P<0.001;Beta:-0.56;B:-0.42;95% CI:-0.45,-0.39). If the analysis included only longitudinal parameters, the change in IOP was significantly associated with a higher change in mean arterial blood pressure (P<0.001;Beta:0.10;B:0.02;95% CI:0.01,0.03) and a higher change in body mass index (P<0.04;Beta:0.04;B:0.04;95% CI:0.01,0.09). CONCLUSIONS: In the 5-year follow-up of our population-based sample, a change in IOP was associated with a corresponding change in arterial blood pressure and with a corresponding change in body mass index. These longitudinal data support the notion of a physiological relationship between arterial blood pressure, intraocular pressure and body mass index. These findings may be of interest for the discussion of the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
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Wang et al. (2013) conducted a cohort in General population (n=2,257). Changes in mean arterial blood pressure and body mass index vs. No exposure comparator was evaluated on 5-year change in intraocular pressure (B 0.02, 95% CI 0.01, 0.03, p=<0.001). Over a 5-year follow-up, longitudinal changes in intraocular pressure were significantly associated with corresponding changes in mean arterial blood pressure (P<0.001) and body mass index (P<0.04).
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