Additive manufacturing driven intelligent medical devices a comprehensive review

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been discovered as a ground-breaking technology in the design of the coming generation smart medical equipment. The layer-by-layer fabrication method allows complex geometries, customization to patient needs, and optimized use of materials, and it is therefore very applicable to the contemporary use of healthcare systems. The latest development in the field of smart materials, built-in sensing devices, and artificial intelligence has also increased the functionality of additively manufactured medical devices beyond the traditional forms of passive operation. Monitoring and adaptive response and data-driven clinical decision support are now possible using these devices in real-time.The following literature review will be a systematic review of additive manufacturing-led intelligent medical devices, and specifically, on implants, wearable health monitoring devices, prosthetics, and orthotic devices. The paper will explain key additive manufacturing technologies, such as powder bed fusion(PBF), material extrusion(MEX), vat photopolymerization, and direct ink writing and discuss its applicability to the fabrication of healthcare devices. Other important material systems including metallic biomaterials, polymers, ceramics and smart functional materials are also considered in terms of mechanical performance, biocompatibility and sensing integration.