Resveratrol as a Modulator of Reproductive Toxicity: Evidence and Mechanistic Perspectives

Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic stilbene that has attracted considerable interest for its biological effects on reproductive health. Drug and chemical-induced reproductive toxicity encompass diverse disturbances that can impair cellular homeostasis, endocrine function, gametogenesis, and reproductive tissue integrity. Available studies indicate that RSV treatment is associated with improved redox balance, reduced inflammatory responses, preservation of cellular and mitochondrial integrity, attenuation of apoptotic signaling, and modulation of steroidogenic and reproductive functions. Nrf2-associated antioxidant responses and SIRT1-related signaling have been reported across several experimental models, while additional findings implicate PI3K/Akt and NF-κB/JNK-c-Jun-associated responses. Ferroptosis, autophagy, and AhR-associated signaling have also emerged as potential contributors in selected models. This review highlights the experimental evidence for RSV in drug- and chemical-induced reproductive toxicity and examines the molecular responses associated with its reported protective effects across diverse experimental models of reproductive injury.