Cell-Based Inflammatory Indices for Risk Stratification in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite substantial advances in reperfusion strategies and guideline-directed therapies. Increasing evidence highlights the pivotal role of inflammation. Therefore, identifying reliable and accessible inflammatory biomarkers may provide valuable prognostic information for patients with AMI. Cell-based inflammatory indices derived from routine complete blood count parameters have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their simplicity, low cost, and widespread availability. Unlike single inflammatory markers, these indices reflect the complex interactions among different immune cell populations involved in cardiovascular inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated associations between elevated cell-based inflammatory indices and adverse outcomes following AMI. Inflammation represents a central mechanism linking coronary plaque instability, myocardial injury, and adverse outcomes after AMI. Cell-based inflammatory indices provide a practical and cost-effective approach for evaluating systemic inflammatory activity and may improve prognostic assessment in patients with AMI. Further prospective studies are required to determine their optimal clinical application, standardized cutoff values, and integration into routine cardiovascular risk models.