Durable hydrogen-rich syngas production via biogas dual reforming over Ce–V coupled oxide-supported Ni catalysts

Combined steam and CO 2 reforming of biogas provides a route to syngas production, but sustained operation requires Ni catalysts that tolerate structural and surface chemical changes at high temperature. Here, Ni/CeO 2 , Ni/VO x and Ni/CeVO x were compared under atmospheric pressure using a continuous CH 4 /CO 2 /H 2 O feed. At 800 °C, Ni/CeVO x achieved initial CH 4 and CO 2 conversions of 98.63% and 65.25%, respectively, which remained at 92.12% and 63.25% after 100h. It exhibited the greatest durability among the three formulations despite having the lowest BET surface area. XRD, H 2 -TPR and ex situ XPS revealed differences in phase composition, reducibility and surface oxidation states. Separate sequential CH 4 -TPSR/CO 2 -gasification experiments showed different methane-decomposition and carbon-removal responses, while spent-catalyst characterization revealed differences in carbon-related signatures. Together, these observations associate the sustained performance of Ni/CeVO x with modified reducible environments and carbon-related surface chemistry. The results provide a basis for evaluating Ce–V-containing supports in the design of durable Ni catalysts for combined steam and CO 2 reforming.