Analysis of FCS-MPC based high efficient high frequency grid-tied nine-level multilevel inverter

Implementing model predictive control (MPC) in multilevel inverters is challenging due to the large number of switching states, which increases computational complexity and requires high-speed processors for real-time operation. It also results in variable switching frequency, higher switching losses, and complex cost function design. Additionally, stability analysis is challenging due to system nonlinearity, parameter uncertainties, and the high computational complexity of large interconnected systems. The proposed inverter employs the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) to optimize switching patterns which enhances the power quality and reduce the switching losses. Also a detailed comparative study has been conducted between PI, PR and MPC control methods. Additionally, the selection of the weighting factor in the MPC cost function is investigated to ensure optimal switching loss minimization. In addition, to validate the stability of the system, a stability analysis is also performed using the Lyapunov method, confirming the closed-loop stability under the investigated operating conditions. A comprehensive simulation study in MATLAB/Simulink evaluates the system’s effectiveness under varying grid conditions. In contrast, the proposed FCS-MPC controller is validated in real-time simulation using the OPAL-RT/HIL platform.