Parenthood in Prison: Experiences of Imprisoned Fathers—Paternal Role, Contact Options, and Need for Improvement

Parental imprisonment imposes strain on imprisoned individuals and their families. Sustaining relationships with children and partners is often difficult and can affect the entire family. This qualitative study examines fatherhood in prison from the perspective of imprisoned fathers in Switzerland. Based on interviews with ten fathers from different prisons, it explored opportunities to maintain contact with children, fathers’ understanding of their parental role, their possibilities to fulfil this role while imprisoned, and the need for improved support and contact opportunities. The results revealed various aspects of the role as fathers, which most of the interviewed fathers are only able to fulfil to a very limited extent while in prison. The interviewed fathers emphasised the need for more frequent, flexible and higher-quality opportunities to maintain contact with their children, participate in their lives and strengthen the father–child relationship. It becomes evident that fatherhood in prison is shaped not only by personal relationships but also by institutional regulations. Overall, the findings of the study highlight a widespread lack of family orientation in the prison system. More support services are needed that would allow for maintaining and strengthening relationships between imprisoned persons and their children and families.