Current Challenges and Prospects for Enhancing Commercial Banks' Revenue Generation

Drawing on data from the Central Bank of Uzbekistan for 2020–2026, this study examines the key factors influencing revenue growth in commercial banks, including narrowing interest rate spreads (3.2–4.3 percentage points), non-performing loan ratios (3–5%), substantial liquidity holdings (21.4% of total assets), and increasing funding costs. At the same time, the expansion of payment cards (3.4-fold), remote banking users (8.2-fold), and instant payment transactions (10.8-fold) highlights significant opportunities for developing noninterest income streams. Based on these findings, the study proposes measures to enhance loan portfolio quality, optimize asset allocation, expand digital banking and fee-based services, improve funding cost efficiency, and strengthen internal revenue management practices.