Key result
Two-dimensional echocardiography visualized the left main coronary artery in 86% (30/35), LAD in 86% (30/35), and RCA in 91% (32/35) of adult subjects.
Why the study?
Technologic advances and the development of new imaging planes prompted a reevaluation of the feasibility of two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery anatomy in the adult.
Does two-dimensional echocardiography with modified parasternal and apical views allow visualization of major epicardial coronary artery anatomy and luminal diameter in adults?
Observational (n=35)
Does two-dimensional echocardiography with modified parasternal and apical views allow visualization of major epicardial coronary artery anatomy and luminal diameter in adults?
Two-dimensional echocardiography using modified parasternal and apical views combined with digital processing and cine loop review can successfully visualize portions of the major epicardial coronary arteries and assess luminal diameters in most adults.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support noninvasive coronary visualization by 2D echo in adults; leaves open clinical utility and accuracy pending larger validation studies.
In the light of technologic advances and the development of new imaging planes, the feasibility of two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery anatomy was reevaluated in the adult. Thirty-five subjects were studied using an ultrasonograph equipped with a 3.5 and 5.0 MHz annular array transducer, digital processing and cine loop review. There were 18 normal subjects and 17 patients with heart disease, including 9 patients with valvular, 5 patients with coronary, 2 patients with congenital and 1 patient with cardiomyopathic disease. The mean age was 47 +/- 18 years (range 17 to 79). Modifications of standard parasternal and apical views permitted high quality images of portions of each of the major epicardial vessels adequate for assessment of luminal diameter. The left main coronary artery was seen in 30 (86%) of the 35 subjects and its bifurcation was seen in 15. The left anterior descending coronary artery was seen in 30 subjects (mean length 3.9 +/- 2.3 cm, maximal length 7.5), the left circumflex artery in 11 (1.1 +/- 1.0, maximal 3.0) and the right coronary artery in 32 (5.6 +/- 2.6, maximal 12). Proximal and mid portions of the left anterior descending artery were seen in 23 and 11 subjects, respectively. The average proximal length visualized was 4.2 cm, and the average luminal diameter visualized was 4.9 mm. The average length of the mid left anterior descending coronary artery seen was 1.9 cm and the average luminal diameter seen was 4.6 mm. The proximal right coronary artery was seen in 17 subjects (average visualized length 2.7 cm and average diameter 3.1 mm).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Douglas et al. (1988) conducted an observational in Normal subjects and patients with heart disease (valvular, coronary, congenital, cardiomyopathic) (n=35). Two-dimensional echocardiography using a 3.5 and 5.0 MHz annular array transducer with digital processing and cine loop review was evaluated on Visualization of the left main coronary artery and other major epicardial vessels. Two-dimensional echocardiography visualized the left main coronary artery in 86% (30/35), LAD in 86% (30/35), and RCA in 91% (32/35) of adult subjects.
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