Voices Beyond Sound: Social Capital and Civic Engagement of the Deaf Community in Malaysia’s Emerging Democracy

This study examines the civic engagement experiences of the Deaf community in Malaysia, with particular attention to their interactions with the hearing community. Guided by Social Capital Theory, the study focuses on three dimensions of social capital: trust, connection, and collaboration. An exploratory research design was adopted, involving 30 Deaf participants with experiences of engaging in civic activities with hearing individuals. The 12 statements were used and developed based on the Social Capital Theory. The findings indicate that trust between Deaf and hearing communities is still developing in Malaysia, while connections and collaboration require further strengthening. These findings suggest that although opportunities for interaction exist, meaningful and sustained relationships between Deaf and hearing communities remain limited. The study highlights the importance of strengthening bridging social capital through greater inclusion, mutual respect, social interaction, and collaborative participation. Strengthening these relationships may provide Deaf individuals with greater opportunities to participate meaningfully in civic life and contribute to a more inclusive democratic society in Malaysia.