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The past decade has transformed public health. We can measure health loss with unprecedented precision, identify its causes and risks, and expose inequalities between and within populations. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) exemplifies this progress:1 its latest cycle estimates the burden of 375 diseases and injuries and 88 modifiable risks across 204 countries and territories.2
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Simon Iain Hay (2026) studied this question.
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