Public Interest Litigation And Indian Democracy

Public interest litigation emerged as a significant development in indian judiciary which allowed groups and organisations to approach courts on behalf of people whose rights have been violated, particularly thoes are poor, marginalized or unable to access justice themselves. PIL relaxed the traditional rules of locus standi, enabling public- spirinted citizens to seek judicial intervention in matters of public interest. The Supreme court under Article 32 and High courts under Article 226 can hear PILs on issues such as human rights, environmental pollution,and government accountability.Through landmark judgements, PIL has strenthened constitutional values, expanding access to justice . However, its effectiveness depends on responsible use, as frivolous petitions and judicial overreach can undermine its purpose. Thus, PIL strengthens democracy and ensures that the judiciary remains a protector of constitutionsl values.