Connected, Not Identical: Gravity, Thermodynamics, and Physical Information Across Regimes

This paper examines the relationships among gravity, thermodynamics, and physical information, emphasizing that these concepts are connected through established physical laws without being interchangeable. Using black-hole physics as a central point of convergence, it explores horizon thermodynamics, quantum entanglement, the black-hole information paradox, Page curves, generalized entropy, island calculations, and holography. The analysis extends beyond black holes to laboratory information thermodynamics, gravitational thermal equilibrium, self-gravitating systems, quantum fields, and local causal horizons. Particular attention is given to the distinction between information loss, restricted accessibility, physical memory erasure, and the persistence of correlations that preserve records of past events. An asymmetric uncertainty coefficient is applied as a diagnostic of retained classical information under specified conditions. By distinguishing established relationships from model-dependent findings and interpretive proposals, the paper presents a structured synthesis of how gravity, entropy, and information interact across physical regimes while identifying the assumptions and limits of each connection.