Research on parameter optimization design of electromagnetic repulsion mechanism based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

The coil-and-disk electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, as a critical component of rapid mechanical switches, relies on its fast-acting characteristics and reliability for optimal switching performance. In order to improve the motion characteristics of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms during operation, a multi-objective optimization design method for their parameters based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. This article first establishes an analytical model for the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and verifies the accuracy of the analytical model through finite element simulation. Then, the effects of coil turns, coil height, coil thickness, energy storage capacitor capacity, and charging voltage on the dynamic performance of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism were analyzed, thereby identifying the primary optimization design parameters. And finally, based on the analytical model of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, a multi-objective optimization design of its parameters was performed using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Compared to the unoptimized version, the optimized electromagnetic repulsion mechanism achieved an 24.8% improvement in displacement at 2 ms and a 86.0% reduction in terminal velocity at 4 ms for the metal disk. These results validate the feasibility of the optimized design approach.