Effects of Passive Back-Support Exoskeletons on Postural Stability During Commercial Crabbing

Passive back-support exoskeletons may reduce low-back strain during physically demanding work, but their effects on balance in fishing environments remain unclear. This study examined how three passive back-support exoskeletons influenced postural stability during simulated commercial Dungeness crabbing tasks. Twenty-five healthy male participants completed pot handling and crab sorting under no-exoskeleton and exoskeleton conditions using Apex, Laevo, and Ottobock devices. Center-of-pressure (COP) and ground reaction force data were collected using force plates, and postural sway outcomes were compared within subjects. Results showed task-dependent effects. During pot handling, COP metrics were largely unchanged. During crab sorting, all three exoskeletons significantly increased anterior-posterior center of pressure mean velocity, with Apex producing the largest increase. Apex also increased medial-lateral mean velocity, suggesting modest reductions in stance control. Overall, passive back-support exoskeletons may be useful for selected crabbing tasks, but device selection, user training, and task-specific implementation are essential.