Dependence or Interdependence? A Folk-Theories Perspective on Journalists’ and Activists’ Mutual Perceptions

Drawing on folk theories , this study explores how mutual perceptions and experiences shape the journalist–activist relationship. We analyze data from two German interview studies: activists from diverse protest movements ( N = 33) and journalists covering them ( N = 38). Both groups tend to hold simplified views of each other’s work yet apply similar criteria when evaluating “good” journalism/activism and affirm the importance of their roles for democracy. Conflicts often arise from unmet expectations. The study offers insights into how journalism is understood in movement contexts and vice versa. It also clarifies the recently debated boundaries between journalism and activism.