Algebraic, Differential and Fractional Properties of Balancing-like Polynomials

This study investigates the algebraic and differential properties of balancing-like polynomials, which constitute a polynomial extension of balancing-like sequences. Several fundamental properties are established, including matrix representations, addition and subtraction formulas, and polynomial analogues of the Cassini, Catalan, D’Ocagne, and Vajda identities. A product factorization is obtained, which yields an explicit description of the zeros of these polynomials. Moreover, a direct connection with the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind is established, and the ordinary generating function of the balancing-like polynomials is derived. The derivative sequences associated with these polynomials are then systematically investigated. Explicit formulas, recurrence relations, and a self-convolution identity are obtained, together with a relation recovering the original polynomials from their neighboring derivative terms. Finally, the analysis is extended to higher-order derivatives, and a generating-function representation and a general recurrence relation for the resulting differential hierarchy are derived. The differential framework is further extended to non-integer orders by means of the Caputo fractional derivative. An explicit fractional derivative formula and a generating-function representation are obtained.