Conservation Challenges in the Eastern Buffer Zone of Manas National Park: A Case Study of Dihira Proposed Reserve Forest

This study addresses the conservation challenges in the Dihira Proposed Reserve Forest (PRF), part of the Eastern Buffer Zone of Manas National Park, focusing on human-elephant conflicts and the degradation of elephant corridors. Using Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping combined with community-reported sightings and participatory mapping, the authors identified key elephant corridors and conflict-prone areas, enabling targeted conservation interventions. Sustainable livelihood initiatives, such as livestock rearing and poultry farming were introduced to reduce community dependence on forest resources. The findings show a 15% to 30% income increase among families involved in dairy farming and a 10% to 20% increase for those in piggery. The participatory approach, which included community driven recommendations, led to the successful installation of solar lights in high-conflict zones, reducing nighttime elephant incursions. The integration of surveys, GIS data, and focus group discussions ensured the reliability of the findings. This research provides a model for balancing conservation efforts with local economic needs, promoting coexistence between wildlife and communities.