Pediatric pain management practice and associated factors among health care professionals at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital

Pain is a critical but often neglected aspect of pediatric care, despite being recognized as the fifth vital sign. Inadequate pain management can have significant consequences for children. Although studies in Ethiopia have reported gaps in pediatric pain management, limited evidence exists on the practices of health care professionals and associated factors in hospital Settings. To assess pediatric pain management practice and associated factors among health care professionals at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, from December 30 2025 to January 30, 2026. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 health care professionals. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify associated factors. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association, and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. A total of 181 health care professionals participated, yielding a response rate of 93.8%. Overall, 112 (61.9%; 95% CI: 54.8%–69.1%) demonstrated good pediatric pain management practice. Good knowledge (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.23–2.70), availability of pain assessment tools (AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.49–4.31), and utilization of pain management protocols (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.09–2.59) were significantly associated with good practice. Additionally, higher monthly income (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.02–3.57) was also independent predictors of better practice. Six out of ten health care professionals had good pediatric pain management practice. Availability of pain assessment tools, presence of standardized protocols, good knowledge, and higher income were significantly associated with better practice. Strengthening institutional systems is essential to improve pediatric pain management and the quality of care for children.