Key result
Pembrolizumab cessation and prednisolone resolve cardiomegaly and myocardial FDG uptake in ICI myocarditis.
Why the study?
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis is a rare immune-related adverse effect associated with disproportionately high mortality.
Case Report (n=1)
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
FDG PET/CT and cardiac MRI can effectively detect and monitor the resolution of pembrolizumab-induced myocarditis following immunotherapy cessation and corticosteroid therapy.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis is one of the rare immune-related adverse effects, but with disproportionately high mortality. A 54-year-old man with stage 4 squamous cell carcinoma on pembrolizumab presented with symptoms of heart failure. FDG PET/CT revealed new cardiomegaly with intense myocardial uptake. Contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI performed concurrently demonstrated myocardial edema and gadolinium enhancement, consistent with myocarditis. The specific etiology of this case of myocarditis was further substantiated by the resolution of cardiomegaly and abnormal myocardial tracer uptake on FDG PET/CT performed after the cessation of the immunotherapy and prednisolone initiation.
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Chandran et al. (2026) conducted a case report in Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis and stage 4 squamous cell carcinoma (n=1). Pembrolizumab cessation and prednisolone initiation, evaluated with FDG PET/CT and cardiac MRI was evaluated on Resolution of cardiomegaly and abnormal myocardial tracer uptake on FDG PET/CT. Pembrolizumab cessation and prednisolone resolved cardiomegaly and intense myocardial FDG uptake in a 54-year-old man with ICI-related myocarditis.
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