Insomnia severity and quality of life before and after comprehensive health resort treatment across BMI categories

Background Excessive body weight is associated with numerous adverse health consequences, including insomnia and reduced quality of life. To date, the impact of body mass index on the effectiveness of comprehensive health resort treatment in terms of insomnia and quality of life has not been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate whether treatment-related improvements in insomnia and quality of life differ across BMI categories and whether BMI and weight loss are associated with treatment effectiveness. Methods The study included 90 individuals (18 men and 72 women) with BMI ranging from 21.63 to 34.01 kg/m2 (mean: 27.82 ± 3.23 kg/m2) who underwent 21-day comprehensive health resort treatment. Participants were divided into three groups according to BMI category: normal weight, overweight, and class I obesity. Insomnia was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), whereas health-related quality of life was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Measurements were performed before and after completion of the 21-day treatment. Results Changes in AIS scores ( p = 0.23), EQ-5D-5L index values ( p = 0.35), and EQ-5D-5L VAS scores ( p = 0.88) following treatment did not differ significantly across BMI groups. BMI was not associated with changes in AIS scores ( β = 0.28; p = 0.29), EQ-5D-5L index ( β = −0.001; p = 0.67), or EQ-5D-5L VAS scores ( β = 0.53; p = 0.33). Regression simulations indicated that hypothetical reductions in BMI ( β = −0.380; p = 0.02) and body weight ( β = −0.101; p = 0.04) would be associated with greater improvements in EQ-5D-5L VAS scores. Conclusion Improvements in insomnia severity and quality of life were observed following comprehensive health resort treatment, with no statistically significant differences in these changes between BMI groups. A model-based simulation suggested that a hypothetical 3% weight loss might be associated with a small improvement in perceived health status. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.