Architecture of a Hospital Information System Based on Electronic Health Records

Information technologies have become an integral part of healthcare, and the hospital information system (HIS) is their core. Paper records are slow, hard to share and prone to loss and errors. This article proposes a layered architecture of a hospital information system built around a single electronic health record (EHR). The architecture has four levels: user access, functional modules, integration services and a central database. The main modules are patient registration, the electronic health record, laboratory, radiology with image archiving, pharmacy, and management and statistics. Data exchange between modules and with external systems is based on the HL7 FHIR and DICOM standards. Information security is ensured by role-based access, encryption and an audit log. The proposed architecture can serve as a basis for introducing information systems in medical institutions and for teaching medical informatics to students.