Multi-omics profiling of esophagus basaloid squamous cell carcinoma reveals potential signatures for diagnosis and therapeutics

Esophagus basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (EBSCC) is a rare and poorly differentiated variant of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) characterized by distinct morphological features. However, there is a lack of systematic evaluation for the diagnosis and treatment of EBSCC. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the proteome, targeted metabolome and lipidome in EBSCC and paired adjacent tissues from 12 patients with EBSCC. Through integrative analysis of multi-omics data, we identified significant alterations in Glycerophospholipid metabolism and glutamine-related pathways in EBSCC compared to adjacent tissues. The dysregulation of glutamine metabolism identified in our multi-omics analysis suggests its crucial role in the development and progression of EBSCC, providing representative signatures of EBSCC and insights into potential drug targets for this rare carcinoma. This study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular characteristics and metabolic alterations associated with EBSCC, which may have implications for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies for patients with this aggressive form of esophageal cancer.