Translation, reliability, and validity of the Chinese version of the needlestick injury prevention beliefs scale among clinical nurses: a cross-sectional study

Needlestick injuries are prevalent occupational hazards for healthcare workers, and nurses’ preventive behaviors correlate closely with exposure risk. Few validated scales exist to measure healthcare workers’ beliefs about needlestick injury prevention. This study translated and cross-culturally adapted the Needlestick Injury Prevention Beliefs Scale (NSI-PBS) into Chinese, and examined the reliability and validity of the Chinese version (NSI-PBS-C). A cross-sectional psychometric validation study was conducted. In total, 620 clinical nurses from a tertiary hospital in Jiangxi, China, were enrolled. The Brislin forward–backward translation model was used for scale adaptation. Content, structural, convergent and discriminant validity, together with internal consistency, split-half and test–retest reliability were evaluated. Item-level CVI ranged 0.900–1.000, and S-CVI/Ave = 0.956. EFA identified six factors explaining 79.327% of total variance. CFA showed adequate model fit: χ²/df = 2.153, CFI = 0.912, TLI = 0.902, NFI = 0.914, IFI = 0.920, GFI = 0.916, RMSEA = 0.043, SRMR = 0.022. The overall Cronbach’s α was 0.924, and test–retest reliability was 0.933 (95% CI 0.905–0.961). The NSI-PBS-C exhibits satisfactory reliability and validity. With concise items, this scale is suitable for assessing beliefs about needlestick injury prevention among Chinese clinical nurses.