Growing attention to regional sustainability has increased the need for place-based assessment frameworks capable of capturing regional heterogeneity and supporting regional policy design. Literature addressing the various dimensions of sustainability has recently expanded its scope to incorporate regional-scale Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices. This study analyses the weights of ESG indicators and regional heterogeneity of ESG performance across OECD TL-2 regions using a reproducible approach. Focusing on Germany and Türkiye, the study identifies country-specific indicator weights, ranks the regions, and evaluates the disparities between these distinct economies. This study employs a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology comprising the Method Based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) to determine the weights of ESG indicators and the Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) to rank regional ESG performance within each country. Statistical and comparative analyses reveal structural differences in indicator weights, regional rankings, and ESG dimensions. The results highlight the importance of objective indicator weighting within a regional ESG performance measurement framework and underscore the need for region-specific assessments and tailored policies. This study provides comparative evidence to support planners and policymakers in designing place-based sustainability strategies and benchmarking regional ESG performance across different institutional contexts.
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Taş et al. (2026) studied this question.
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