Toward a Sensorimotor Learning Framework for Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy

Background/Objectives: Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) can be conceptualized as a sensorimotor learning process involving the training and retraining of oral and orofacial skills. However, the systematic application of sensorimotor learning principles in OMT remains heterogeneous. This article proposes a conceptual and operational framework for designing, describing, and investigating OMT as a learning process. Methods: We integrated concepts from motor control and learning, neurorehabilitation frameworks, and operational approaches developed within speech–language pathology, translating theoretical constructs into observable and reportable variables relevant to OMT research and clinical practice. Results: The resulting Sensorimotor Learning Framework for OMT comprises five interconnected steps: (1) learner and context profiling; (2) task and context characterization; (3) learning approach and strategy selection; (4) specification of prepractice, practice, and augmented feedback conditions; and (5) evaluation of acquisition, retention, and transfer. Conclusions: The framework provides a common structure for making learning-related decisions explicit, theoretically justified, testable, and reproducible rather than prescribing a specific treatment protocol. Emphasizing retention, transfer, and, when feasible, generalization to everyday life may help move OMT research beyond immediate performance changes and strengthen translation between laboratory and clinical research.